When June arrives, Lisbon dresses up in garlands of colourful flags, grilled sardines and popular music. But among all the elements that make up this typical celebration, there is a silent protagonist that steals hearts with its discreet perfume and delicate appearance: the bush basil. Alongside it, Saint Anthony — the matchmaker saint, born in Lisbon and the unavoidable symbol of the Lisbon Festivities.
The history and symbolism of the bush basil
The bush basil (Ocimum minimum), also known as the “lover’s herb”, is traditionally offered during the celebrations of St Anthony. With its small, green, rounded leaves, it is traditionally given during the celebrations of the Popular Saints as a gesture of affection, passion or friendship. It is customary to accompany the vase with a paper carnation and a popular quatrain, expressing feelings or wishes for the recipient.
Curiously, it is believed that smelling the bush basil directly can damage it, which is why you should lightly touch the plant with your hand and then smell your hand. This practice, although shrouded in myth, demonstrates the care and respect devoted to this symbolic plant.
Saint Anthony: Lisbon’s matchmaker saint
Born in Lisbon in the 12th century, Saint Anthony is celebrated on June 13th. His links to love and marriage are well known: legend has it that he helped young people without dowries get married by hiding coins in the brides’ shoes, making him a symbol of love and unity. During this period, the city celebrates with street festivals, popular marches and the traditional St Anthony’s weddings, where several couples unite in marriage in a community ceremony organised by Lisbon City Council.
The Church of Saint Anthony, built on the site where, according to tradition, the Saint was born, stands discreetly next to Lisbon Cathedral. Next to it is the Saint Anthony Museum, a modern and welcoming space that offers a journey into the Antonian universe — from his religious deeds to the way the city celebrates him every year. Inside, there are artifacts, ex-votos, historical records and even testimonies of the famous St Anthony’s weddings.
The link between Saint Anthony and bush basil is reinforced at this time, with the gift of the plant symbolizing vows of love and commitment, perpetuating a tradition that spans generations.
© Companhia das Cores for Horto do Campo Grande
